Traffic safety culture is a relatively new concept which has recently gained attention in the field of traffic safety. Currently there is little known regarding the nature of the concept, and how it should be defined. Preliminary definitions have tended to focus on specific road safety problems and the anticipated effect of a strong traffic safety culture. This paper identifies three key issues: (1) how TSC may differ from organisational safety culture (OSC); (2) of what components or factors TSC is comprised; and (3) to what extent it is possible to change a TSC.